Enhancing growth, liver health, and bile acid metabolism of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through combined cholesterol and bile acid supplementation in plant-based diets

作者：Jiayuan Jiang, Xing Lü, Lixue Dong, Juan Tian, Jianmin Zhang, Zhongbao Guo, Yongju Luo, Zongbin Cui, Hua Wen, Ming Jiang · 发表于：Animal nutrition · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.001 · 被引用次数：36 · 研究领域：Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth、Moringa oleifera research and applications、Animal Nutrition and Physiology

The present study aimed to compare the nutritional effects of cholesterol, bile acids, and combination of cholesterol with bile acids in plant-based diets on juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). The isonitrogenous (32 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (76 g/kg crude fat) diets (Con diet) were based on plant protein sources, which included corn gluten meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. The Con diet was supplemented with 12 g/kg cholesterol (CHO diet), 0.2 g/kg bile acids (BAs diet), a combination of 12 g/kg cholesterol and 0.2 g/kg bile acids (CHO-BAs diet), respectively. Each diet was fed to three tanks in an indoor recirculating aquaculture system for 9 weeks. Results showed that compared to the Con group, fish had a higher weight gain rate, hepatosomatic index, and a lower feed conversion ratio in the CHO-BAs group. The highest levels of whole-fish fat and ash were found in the Con group. Serum parameters (including activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase, along with levels of glucose and triglyceride except for total cholesterol) were significantly lower in the CHO, BAs, and CHO-BAs groups than those in the Con group. Histological examination revealed that fish in the Con group exhibited severe hepatocyte vacuolization and diminished hepatocyte proliferation. Gene expression analysis indicated that the transcriptional levels of bile acid metabolism-related genes (including fxr, fgf19, bse...