Antifungal potential of lipopeptides produced by the Bacillus siamensis Sh420 strain against Fusarium graminearum

作者：Sarfaraz Hussain, Bowen Tai, Maratab Ali, Israt Jahan, Suha Sakina, Gang Wang, Xinlong Zhang, Yixuan Yin, Fuguo Xing · 发表于：Microbiology Spectrum · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1128/spectrum.04008-23 · 被引用次数：31 · 研究领域：Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity、Insect Resistance and Genetics、Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities

ABSTRACT Biological control is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fungicides for controlling Fusarium spp. infestations. In this work, Bacillus siamensis Sh420 isolated from wheat rhizosphere showed a high antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum as a secure substitute for fungicides. Sh420 was identified as B. siamensis using phenotypic evaluation and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. An in vitro antagonistic study showed that Sh420’s lipopeptide (LP) extract exhibited strong antifungal properties and effectively combated F. graminearum . Meanwhile, lipopeptides have the ability to decrease ergosterol content, which has an impact on the overall structure and stability of the plasma membrane. The PCR-based screening revealed the presence of antifungal LP biosynthetic genes in this strain’s genomic DNA. In the crude LP extract of Sh420, we were able to discover several LPs such as bacillomycin, iturins, fengycin, and surfactins using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Microscopic investigations (fluorescent/transmission electron microscopy) revealed deformities and alterations in the morphology of the phytopathogen upon interaction with LPs. Sh420 LPs have been shown in grape tests to be effective against F. graminearum infection and to stimulate antioxidant activity in fruits by avoiding rust and gray lesions. The overall findings of this study highlight the potential of Sh420 l...