Chemical composition and microbiota changes across musk secretion stages of forest musk deer

作者：Zhongxian Xu, Feng Li, Qian Liu, Tianyuan Ma, Xiaolan Feng, Guijun Zhao, Dejun Zeng, Diyan Li, Hang Jie · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2024.1322316 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Mycobacterium research and diagnosis

Forest musk deer is the most important animal for natural musk production, and the musk composition changes periodically during musk secretion, accompanied by variation in the com-position of deer-symbiotic bacteria. GC-MS and 16S rRNA sequencing were conducted in this study, the dynamic changes to correlated chemical composition and the microbiota across musk secretion periods (prime musk secretion period, vigorous musk secretion period and late musk secretion period) were investigated by integrating its serum testosterone level in different mating states. Results showed that the testosterone level, musk composition and microbiota changed with annual cycle of musk secretion and affected by its mating state. Muscone and the testosterone level peaked at vigorous musk secretion period, and the microbiota of this stage was distinct from the other 2 periods. Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were dominant bacteria across musk secretion period. PICRUSt analysis demonstrated that bacteria were ubiquitous in musk pod and involved in the metabolism of antibiotics and terpenoids in musk. “Carbohydrates and amino acids,” “fatty acids and CoA” and “secretion of metabolites” were enriched at 3 periods, respectively. Pseudomonas , Corynebacterium , Clostridium , Sulfuricurvum were potential biomarkers across musk secretion. This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of genetic mechanism during musk secretion, emphasizing the importance of Actinobacteria and Coryneb...