Permafrost Carbon: Progress on Understanding Stocks and Fluxes Across Northern Terrestrial Ecosystems

作者：Claire C. Treat, Anna‐Maria Virkkala, Eleanor Burke, Lori Bruhwiler, Abhishek Chatterjee, Joshua B. Fisher, Josh Hashemi, Frans‐Jan W. Parmentier, Brendan M. Rogers, Sebastian Westermann, Jennifer D. Watts, Elena Blanc‐Betes, Matthias Fuchs, Stefan Kruse, Avni Malhotra, Kimberley Miner, Jens Strauß, Amanda Armstrong, Howard E. Epstein, Bradley Gay, Mathias Goeckede, Aram Kalhori, Dan Kou, Charles E. Miller, Susan M. Natali, Youmi Oh, Sarah Shakil, Oliver Sonnentag, R. K. Varner, Scott Zolkos, Edward A. G. Schuur, Gustaf Hugelius · 发表于：Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1029/2023jg007638 · 被引用次数：55 · 研究领域：Climate change and permafrost、Cryospheric studies and observations、Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology

Abstract Significant progress in permafrost carbon science made over the past decades include the identification of vast permafrost carbon stocks, the development of new pan‐Arctic permafrost maps, an increase in terrestrial measurement sites for CO 2 and methane fluxes, and important factors affecting carbon cycling, including vegetation changes, periods of soil freezing and thawing, wildfire, and other disturbance events. Process‐based modeling studies now include key elements of permafrost carbon cycling and advances in statistical modeling and inverse modeling enhance understanding of permafrost region C budgets. By combining existing data syntheses and model outputs, the permafrost region is likely a wetland methane source and small terrestrial ecosystem CO 2 sink with lower net CO 2 uptake toward higher latitudes, excluding wildfire emissions. For 2002–2014, the strongest CO 2 sink was located in western Canada (median: −52 g C m −2 y −1 ) and smallest sinks in Alaska, Canadian tundra, and Siberian tundra (medians: −5 to −9 g C m −2 y −1 ). Eurasian regions had the largest median wetland methane fluxes (16–18 g CH 4 m −2 y −1 ). Quantifying the regional scale carbon balance remains challenging because of high spatial and temporal variability and relatively low density of observations. More accurate permafrost region carbon fluxes require: (a) the development of better maps characterizing wetlands and dynamics of vegetation and disturbances, including abrupt permafrost t...