AmeriFlux: Its Impact on our understanding of the ‘breathing of the biosphere’, after 25 years

作者：Dennis Baldocchi, Kim Novick, Trevor F. Keenan, Margaret Torn · 发表于：Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109929 · 被引用次数：44 · 研究领域：Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics、Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Climate variability and models

• Decade plus time series assess trends in CO 2 fluxes in a changing world. • Network gradients assess biophysical response functions at the ecosystem scale. • Long records capture rare and extreme events on CO 2 fluxes. • Paired sites examine management and disturbance effects. • Network trains and validates regional upscaling of CO 2 fluxes. For over two decades, the AmeriFlux network has quantified the breathing of the biosphere, as defined by measuring the flux densities of carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange between ecosystems and the atmosphere. The network includes natural and managed ecosystems that span broad climatic and ecological gradients. In this review, we provide an overview of key discoveries by this network and highlight important open questions. Such discoveries are possible through the network's shared and open access database that is used to interpret these fluxes; it includes a comprehensive set of carbon dioxide and water vapor flux measurements and a complementary set of biophysical variables, including meteorological and soil conditions, along with structural and functional properties of the ecosystems. Topics covered in this paper include interannual variability, trends and magnitude of carbon dioxide fluxes, and the response of these fluxes to biophysical drivers and extreme events. We examine results both within individual sites and across natural gradients. A subset of long-term flux measurements produced by the network provide quantitative in...