Aqueous synthesis of perovskite precursors for highly efficient perovskite solar cells

作者：Peide Zhu, Deng Wang, Yong Zhang, Zheng Liang, Jingbai Li, Jie Zeng, Jiyao Zhang, Yintai Xu, Siying Wu, Zhixin Liu, Xianyong Zhou, Bihua Hu, Feng He, Lin Zhang, Xu Pan, Xingzhu Wang, Nam‐Gyu Park, Baomin Xu · 发表于：Science · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1126/science.adj7081 · 被引用次数：290 · 研究领域：Perovskite Materials and Applications、TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells、solar cell performance optimization

High-purity precursor materials are vital for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to reduce defect density caused by impurities in perovskite. In this study, we present aqueous synthesized perovskite microcrystals as precursor materials for PSCs. Our approach enables kilogram-scale mass production and synthesizes formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3 ) microcrystals with up to 99.996% purity, with an average value of 99.994 ± 0.0015%, from inexpensive, low-purity raw materials. The reduction in calcium ions, which made up the largest impurity in the aqueous solution, led to the greatest reduction in carrier trap states, and its deliberate introduction was shown to decrease device performance. With these purified precursors, we achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.6% (25.3% certified) in inverted PSCs and retained 94% of the initial PCE after 1000 hours of continuous simulated solar illumination at 50°C.