The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey

作者：A. Merloni, G. Lamer, Teng Liu, M. E. Ramos-Ceja, H. Brunner, Esra Bülbül, K. Dennerl, Victor Doroshenko, M. J. Freyberg, S. Friedrich, Efraín Gatuzz, A. Georgakakis, F. Haberl, Z. Igo, I. Kreykenbohm, Ang Liu, Chandreyee Maitra, A. Malyali, Martin G. F. Mayer, K. Nandra, P. Predehl, J. Robrade, M. Salvato, J. S. Sanders, I. M. Stewart, D. Tubín-Arenas, P. Weber, J. Wilms, R. Arcodia, E. Artis, J. Aschersleben, A. Avakyan, Catarina Aydar, Y. E. Bahar, Frank Balzer, W. Becker, K. Berger, Thomas Böller, W. Bornemann, M. Brüggen, M. Brusa, Johannes Büchner, V. Burwitz, Francesco Camilloni, N. Clerc, Johan Comparat, Diogo Coutinho, S. Czesla, Simon Dannhauer, Lea Dauner, Thomas Dauser, J. Dietl, K. Dolag, T. Dwelly, K. Egg, E. Ehl, S. Freund, P. Friedrich, Roland Gaida, C. Garrel, V. Ghirardini, Andrea Gokus, G. Grünwald, S. Grandis, I. Grotova, D. Gruen, A. Guéguen, S. Hämmerich, Nico Hamaus, G. Hasinger, Kinga Haubner, D. Homan, J. Ider Chitham, W. M. Joseph, A M Joyce, Ole König, D. Kaltenbrunner, A. Khokhriakova, Walter Kink, Christian Kirsch, Matthias Kluge, Jonathan Knıes, Sven Krippendorf, M. Krumpe, J. Kurpas, Pengfei Li, Teng Liu, Nicola Locatelli, M. Lorenz, S. Müller, E. Magaudda, Caroline Mannes, Hannah McCall, Norbert Meidinger, Miltiadis Michailidis, K. Migkas, Daniela Muñoz-Giraldo, B. Musiimenta, N. T. Nguyen-Dang, Qingling Ni, A. Olechowska, Naomi Ota, F. Pacaud, T. Pasini, E. Perinati, A. M. Pires, Christian Pommranz, G. Ponti, Katja Poppenhaeger, G. Pühlhofer, A. Rau, Martin Reh, T. H. Reiprich, W. Roster, Sara Saeedi, A. Santangelo, M. Sasaki, J. H. M. M. Schmitt, P. C. Schneider, T. Schrabback, Norbert Schuster, A. Schwope, R. Seppi, M. M. Serim, Soumya Shreeram, E. Sokolova-Lapa, H. Starck, B. Stelzer, Jakob Stierhof, В. Ф. Сулейманов, C. Tenzer, I. Traulsen, J. Trümper, Kisetsu Tsuge, T. Urrutia, A. Veronica, Sophia G. H. Waddell, R. Willer, J. Wolf, Michael C. H. Yeung, A. Zainab, F. Zangrandi, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Yi Zhang, Xueying Zheng · 发表于：Astronomy and Astrophysics · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/202347165 · 被引用次数：360 · 研究领域：Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations、Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena、Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena

The eROSITA telescope array aboard the Spektrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG) satellite began surveying the sky in December 2019, with the aim of producing all-sky X-ray source lists and sky maps of an unprecedented depth. Here we present catalogues of both point-like and extended sources using the data acquired in the first six months of survey operations (eRASS1; completed June 2020) over the half sky whose proprietary data rights lie with the German eROSITA Consortium. We describe the observation process, the data analysis pipelines, and the characteristics of the X-ray sources. With nearly 930 000 entries detected in the most sensitive 0.2–2.3 keV energy range, the eRASS1 main catalogue presented here increases the number of known X-ray sources in the published literature by more than 60%, and provides a comprehensive inventory of all classes of X-ray celestial objects, covering a wide range of physical processes. A smaller catalogue of 5466 sources detected in the less sensitive but harder 2.3–5 keV band is the result of the first true imaging survey of the entire sky above 2 keV. We present methods to identify and flag potential spurious sources in the catalogues, which we applied for this work, and we tested and validated the astrometric accuracy via cross-comparison with other X-ray and multi-wavelength catalogues. We show that the number counts of X-ray sources in eRASSl are consistent with those derived over narrower fields by past X-ray surveys of a similar depth, and we ex...