Cytotoxic Compounds from Marine Fungi: Sources, Structures, and Bioactivity

作者：Yukang Gao, Jianjian Wang, Pornphimon Meesakul, Jiamin Zhou, Jinyan Liu, Shuo Liu, Cong Wang, Shugeng Cao · 发表于：Marine Drugs · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3390/md22020070 · 被引用次数：22 · 研究领域：Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis、Marine Sponges and Natural Products、Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

Marine fungi, such as species from the Penicillium and Aspergillus genera, are prolific producers of a diversity of natural products with cytotoxic properties. These fungi have been successfully isolated and identified from various marine sources, including sponges, coral, algae, mangroves, sediment, and seawater. The cytotoxic compounds derived from marine fungi can be categorized into five distinct classes: polyketides, peptides, terpenoids and sterols, hybrids, and other miscellaneous compounds. Notably, the pre-eminent group among these compounds comprises polyketides, accounting for 307 out of 642 identified compounds. Particularly, within this collection, 23 out of the 642 compounds exhibit remarkable cytotoxic potency, with IC50 values measured at the nanomolar (nM) or nanogram per milliliter (ng/mL) levels. This review elucidates the originating fungal strains, the sources of isolation, chemical structures, and the noteworthy antitumor activity of the 642 novel natural products isolated from marine fungi. The scope of this review encompasses the period from 1991 to 2023.