Research progress on the physiological response and molecular mechanism of cold response in plants

作者：Yong Wang, Jin Wang, Rehman Sarwar, Wei Zhang, Rui Geng, Keming Zhu, Xiao‐Li Tan · 发表于：Frontiers in Plant Science · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fpls.2024.1334913 · 被引用次数：114 · 研究领域：Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance、Plant responses to elevated CO2、Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms

Low temperature is a critical environmental stress factor that restricts crop growth and geographical distribution, significantly impacting crop quality and yield. When plants are exposed to low temperatures, a series of changes occur in their external morphology and internal physiological and biochemical metabolism. This article comprehensively reviews the alterations and regulatory mechanisms of physiological and biochemical indices, such as membrane system stability, redox system, fatty acid content, photosynthesis, and osmoregulatory substances, in response to low-temperature stress in plants. Furthermore, we summarize recent research on signal transduction and regulatory pathways, phytohormones, epigenetic modifications, and other molecular mechanisms mediating the response to low temperatures in higher plants. In addition, we outline cultivation practices to improve plant cold resistance and highlight the cold-related genes used in molecular breeding. Last, we discuss future research directions, potential application prospects of plant cold resistance breeding, and recent significant breakthroughs in the research and application of cold resistance mechanisms.