Effect of solid-electrolyte pellet density on failure of solid-state batteries

作者：Mouhamad Diallo, Tan Shi, Yaqian Zhang, Xinxing Peng, Imtiaz Ahmed Shozib, Yan Wang, Lincoln J. Miara, Mary Scott, Qingsong Tu, Gerbrand Ceder · 发表于：Nature Communications · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1038/s41467-024-45030-7 · 被引用次数：79 · 研究领域：Advancements in Battery Materials、Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Advanced Battery Technologies Research

Despite the potentially higher energy density and improved safety of solid-state batteries (SSBs) relative to Li-ion batteries, failure due to Li-filament penetration of the solid electrolyte and subsequent short circuit remains a critical issue. Herein, we show that Li-filament growth is suppressed in solid-electrolyte pellets with a relative density beyond ~95%. Below this threshold value, however, the battery shorts more easily as the density increases due to faster Li-filament growth within the percolating pores in the pellet. The microstructural properties (e.g., pore size, connectivity, porosity, and tortuosity) of [Formula: see text] with various relative densities are quantified using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy tomography and permeability tests. Furthermore, modeling results provide details on the Li-filament growth inside pores ranging from 0.2 to 2 μm in size. Our findings improve the understanding of the failure modes of SSBs and provide guidelines for the design of dendrite-free SSBs.