Recent progress of non-linear topological structure polymers: synthesis, and gene delivery

作者：Chenfei Wang, Wei He, Feifei Wang, Haiyang Yong, Tao Bo, Dingjin Yao, Yitong Zhao, Chaolan Pan, Qiaoyu Cao, Si Zhang, Ming Li · 发表于：Journal of Nanobiotechnology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12951-024-02299-6 · 被引用次数：23 · 研究领域：RNA Interference and Gene Delivery、Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications、Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers

Currently, many types of non-linear topological structure polymers, such as brush-shaped, star, branched and dendritic structures, have captured much attention in the field of gene delivery and nanomedicine. Compared with linear polymers, non-linear topological structural polymers offer many advantages, including multiple terminal groups, broad and complicated spatial architecture and multi-functionality sites to enhance gene delivery efficiency and targeting capabilities. Nevertheless, the complexity of their synthesis process severely hampers the development and applications of nonlinear topological polymers. This review aims to highlight various synthetic approaches of non-linear topological architecture polymers, including reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) including atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, click chemistry reactions and Michael addition, and thoroughly discuss their advantages and disadvantages, as well as analyze their further application potential. Finally, we comprehensively discuss and summarize different non-linear topological structure polymers for genetic materials delivering performance both in vitro and in vivo, which indicated that topological effects and nonlinear topologies play a crucial role in enhancing the transfection performance of polymeric vectors. This review offered a promising guideline for the desi...