Testing the Feasibility and Acceptability of Using an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot to Promote HIV Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Malaysia: Mixed Methods Study

作者：Min Hui Cheah, Yan Nee Gan, Frederick L. Altice, Jeffrey A. Wickersham, Roman Shrestha, Nur Afiqah Mohd Salleh, Kee Seong Ng, Iskandar Azwa, Vimala Balakrishnan, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Zhao Ni · 发表于：JMIR Human Factors · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.2196/52055 · 被引用次数：45 · 研究领域：HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions、Mobile Health and mHealth Applications、AI in Service Interactions

BACKGROUND: The HIV epidemic continues to grow fastest among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malaysia in the presence of stigma and discrimination. Engaging MSM on the internet using chatbots supported through artificial intelligence (AI) can potentially help HIV prevention efforts. We previously identified the benefits, limitations, and preferred features of HIV prevention AI chatbots and developed an AI chatbot prototype that is now tested for feasibility and acceptability. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to test the feasibility and acceptability of an AI chatbot in promoting the uptake of HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in MSM. METHODS: We conducted beta testing with 14 MSM from February to April 2022 using Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc). Beta testing involved 3 steps: a 45-minute human-chatbot interaction using the think-aloud method, a 35-minute semistructured interview, and a 10-minute web-based survey. The first 2 steps were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Emerging themes from the qualitative data were mapped on the 4 domains of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, and social influence. RESULTS: Most participants (13/14, 93%) perceived the chatbot to be useful because it provided comprehensive information on HIV testing and PrEP (performance expectancy). All participants indicated that the...