Self-encapsulated ionic fibers based on stress-induced adaptive phase transition for non-contact depth-of-field camouflage sensing

作者：Ying Liu, Chan Wang, Zhuo Liu, Xuecheng Qu, Yansong Gai, Jiangtao Xue, Shengyu Chao, Jing Huang, Yuxiang Wu, Yusheng Li, Dan Luo, Zhou Li · 发表于：Nature Communications · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1038/s41467-024-44848-5 · 被引用次数：48 · 研究领域：Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials、Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications、Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies

Ionically conductive fibers have promising applications; however, complex processing techniques and poor stability limit their practicality. To overcome these challenges, we proposed a stress-induced adaptive phase transition strategy to conveniently fabricate self-encapsulated hydrogel-based ionically conductive fibers (se-HICFs). se-HICFs can be produced simply by directly stretching ionic hydrogels with ultra-stretchable networks (us-IHs) or by dip-drawing from molten us-IHs. During this process, stress facilitated the directional migration and evaporation of water molecules in us-IHs, causing a phase transition in the surface layer of ionic fibers to achieve self-encapsulation. The resulting sheath-core structure of se-HICFs enhanced mechanical strength and stability while endowing se-HICFs with powerful non-contact electrostatic induction capabilities. Mimicking nature, se-HICFs were woven into spider web structures and camouflaged in wild environments to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution 3D depth-of-field sensing for different moving media. This work opens up a convenient route to fabricate stable functionalized ionic fibers.