Mortality in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE)

作者：Mary Ann Banerji, John B. Buse, Naji Younes, Heidi Krause‐Steinrauf, Adline Ghazi, Melissa Lee, Jean Park, Rodica Pop‐Busui, Chantal Underkofler, Stephen P. Fortmann, Jill P. Crandall, M. Diane McKee, S. Behringer-Massera, J. Brown-Friday, E. Xhori, K. Ballentine-Cargill, S. Duran, H. Estrella, S. Gonzalez de la torre, J. Lukin, Lawrence S. Phillips, Elizabeth Burgess, Darin E. Olson, M. Rhee, Philip Wilson, T.S. Raines, J. Boers, J. Costello, M. Maher-Albertelli, R. Mungara, L. Savoye, C.A. White, C. Gullett, Leah Holloway, F. Morehead, S. Person, M. Sibymon, S. Tanukonda, Cynthia Adams, A. Ross, A. Balasubramanyam, Ruchi Gaba, E. Gonzalez Hattery, A. Ideozu, J. Jimenez, G. Montes, C. Wright, Priscilla Hollander, E. Roe, A. Jackson, A. Smiley, P. Burt, L. Estrada, K. Chionh, F. Ismail-Beigi, C. Falck-Ytter, L. Sayyed Kassem, Anil K. Sood, M. Tiktin, T. Kulow, C. Newman, K.A. Stancil, B. Cramer, J. Iacoboni, M.V. Kononets, C. Sanders, Lisa Tucker, A. Werner, A. Maxwell, G. McPhee, C. Patel, L. Colosimo, A. Krol, Robin Goland, J. Pring, L. Alfano, P. Kringas, C. Hausheer, J. Tejada, K. Gumpel, A. Kirpitch, H. Schneier, J.B. Green, H. AbouAssi, Ranee Chatterjee, Mark N. Feinglos, J. English Jones, S.A. Khan, J.B. Kimpel, R.P. Zimmer, M. Furst, B.M. Satterwhite, C.R. Thacker, K. Evans Kreider, Cary N. Mariash, Kieren J. Mather, H.M. Ismail, A. Lteif, M. Mullen, T. Hamilton, N. Patel, G. Riera, Merry Jackson, V. Pirics, D. Aguillar, D. Howard, S. Hurt, Richard M. Bergenstal, Anders L. Carlson, Thomas Martens, Matthew Johnson, R. Hill, J. Hyatt, C. Jensen, M. Madden, Dianna C. Martin, H. Willis, W. Konerza, S. Yang, K. Kleeberger, R. Passi, S. Fortmann, M. Herson, K. Mularski, Harry Glauber, J. Prihoda, B. Ash, C. Carlson, P.A. Ramey, E. Schield, B. Torgrimson-Ojerio, K. Arnold, B. Kauffman, E. Panos, S. Sahnow, K. Bays, K. Berame, Jennifer Cook, D. Ghioni, J. Gluth, K. Schell, J. Criscola, C. Friason, Steve Jones, С. А. Назаров, Joshua I. Barzilay, N. Rassouli, R. Puttnam, B. Ojoawo, R. Nelson, Michelle Curtis, B. Hollis, C. Sanders-Jones, K. Stokes, Z. El-Haqq, A. Kolli, Tú-Anh Tran, Deborah J. Wexler, Mary Larkin, James B. Meigs, B. Chambers, A. Dushkin, G. Rocchio, M. Yepes, Barbara Steiner, H. Dulin, M. Cayford, K. Chu, A. DeManbey, M. Hillard, Kimberly Martin, N. Thangthaeng, L. Gurry, R. Kochis, E. Raymond, V. Ripley, Christine Stevens, Jaebum Park, Vanita R. Aroda, Adline Ghazi, Michelle Magee, A. Ressing, A. Loveland, M. Hamm, Maria D. Hurtado, Alexander Kühn, J. Leger, L. Manandhar, F. Mwicigi, O. Sanchez, T. Young, Rajesh Garg, V. Lagari-Libhaber, H.J. Florez, W.M. Valencia, J. Marks, Sabina Casula, L. Oropesa-Gonzalez, L. Hue, A. Cuadot, R. Nieto-Martinez, A.K. Riccio Veliz, M. Gutt, Y.J. Kendal, B. Veciana, Andrew Ahmann, D. Aby-Daniel, F. Joarder, V. Morimoto, C. Sprague, D. Yamashita, N. Cady, N. Rivera-Eschright, P. Kirchhoff, B. Morales Gomez, J. Adducci, A. Goncharova, S.H. Hox, H. Petrovitch, M. Matwichyna, Victoria Jenkins, L. Broadwater, R.R. Ishii, N.O. Bermudez, Daniel S. Hsia, William T. Cefalu, Frank L. Greenway, C. Waguespack, E. King, G. Fry, A. Dragg, B. Gildersleeve, J. Arceneaux, Natalie Haynes, A. Thomassie, M. Pavlionis, B. Bourgeois, C. Hazlett, Sunder Mudaliar, Robert R. Henry, S. Boeder, Jeremy Pettus, E. Diaz, D. Garcia-Acosta, S. Maggs, C. DeLue, A. Stallings, E. Castro, S. Hernández, Jonathan Krakoff, Jeffrey M. Curtis, Tina Killean, Mohammed Khalid, E. Joshevama, E. Diaz, Dianna C. Martin, K. Tsingine, T. Karshner, Jeanine Albu, F.X. Pi-Sunyer, S. Frances, C. Maggio, E. Ellis, J. Bastawrose, Xiuqun Gong, Mary Ann Banerji, Phyllis August, Melissa Lee, Daniel Lorber, N.M. Brown, D.H. Josephson, L.L. Thomas, M. Tsovian, A. Cherian, M.H. Jacobson, M.M. Mishko, M.S. Kirkman, John B. Buse, Jamie Diner, J. Dostou, S. Machineni, Laura Young, K. Bergamo, A. Goley, J. B. Kerr, J.F. Largay, S. Guarda, J. Cuffee, D. Culmer, R. Fraser, H. Almeida, S. Coffer, E. Debnam, L. Kiker, Sarah U. Morton, K. Josey, G. Fuller, W. Timothy Garvey, A.L. Cherrington, D. Dyer, M.C.R. Lawson, O. Griffith, A. Agne, S. McCullars, Robert M. Cohen, J. Craig, M.C. Rogge, Kathryn Burton, K. Kersey, Charlton Wilson, S. Lipp, M.B. Vonder Meulen, C. Adkins, T. Onadeko, Neda Rasouli, C. Baker, Emily B. Schroeder, M. Razzaghi, Corey Lyon, R. Penaloza, C. Underkofler, R. Lorch, Sarah A. Douglass, S. Steiner, William I. Sivitz, E. Cline, L.K. Knosp, J. McConnell, T. Lowe, William H. Herman, Rodica Pop‐Busui, Meng H. Tan, C. Martin, A. Waltje, A. Katona, L. Goodhall, R. Eggleston, Shihchen Kuo, S. Bojescu, S. Bule, N. Kessler, E. LaSalle, K. Whitley, Elizabeth R. Seaquist, A. Bantle, T. Harindhanavudhi, Anjali Kumar, B. Redmon, John P. Bantle, M. Coe, M. Mech, A. Taddese, K. Lesne, Shannon D. Smith, Cyrus Desouza, L. Kuechenmeister, V. Shivaswamy, S. Burbach, M.G. Rodriguez, K. Seipel, A. Alfred, A.L. Morales, J. Eggert, G. Lord, W. Taylor, R. Tillson, David S. Schade, A. Adolphe, Mark R. Burge, E. Duran-Valdez, J. Martinez, A. Bancroft, S. Kunkel, F. Ali Jamaleddin Ahmad, D. Hernandez McGinnis, B. Pucchetti, E. Scripsick, A. Zamorano, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Eugênio Cersósimo, M. Abdul-Ghani, Curtis Triplitt, D. Juarez, M. Mullen, R.I. Garza, H. Verastiqui, K. Wright, Curtiss Puckett, Philip Raskin, C. Rhee, S. Abraham, L.F. Jordan, S. Sao, L. Morton, O. Smith, L. Osornio Walker, L. Schnurr-Breen, R. Ayala, R.B. Kreymer, D. Sturgess, K.M. Utzschneider, Steven E. Kahn, L. Alarcon-Casas Wright, Edward J. Boyko, E.C. Tsai, D.L. Trence, S. Trikudanathan, B.N. Fattaleh, B.K. Montgomery, K.M. Atkinson, A. Kozedub, Tessa Concepcion, C. Moak, N. Prikhodko, S. Rhothisen, T.A. Elasy, S. Martin, L. Shackelford, R. Goidel, N. Hinkle, C. Lovell, J. Myers, J. Lipps Hogan, Janet B. McGill, M. Salam, T. Schweiger, S. Kissel, Carol Recklein, M.J. Clifton, William V. Tamborlane, A. Camp, Barbara Gulanski, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Kim Pham, M. Alguard, P. Gatcomb, K. Lessard, Marina Pérez, L. Iannone, E. Magenheimer, A. Montosa, Judith Fradkin, Henry B. Burch, A.A. Bremer, David M. Nathan, John M. Lachin, H. Krause-Steinrauf, Naji Younes, Ionut Bebu, Nicole M. Butera, C.J. Buys, A. Fagan, Yuping Gao, Amerta Ghosh, M.R. Gramzinski, S.D. Hall, Elham Kazemi, E. Legowski, H. Liu, C. Suratt, Mark Tripputi, A. Arey, M. Backman, J. Bethepu, C. Lund, P. Mangat Dhaliwal, P. McGee, E. Mesimer, Lisa Ngo, Michael W. Steffes, Jesse C. Seegmiller, Amy K. Saenger, Valerie Arends, D. Gabrielson, T. Conner, S. Warren, John Day, J. Huminik, A. Scrymgeour, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Yashashwi Pokharel, Z.M. Zhang, C. Campbell, Jingzhou Hu, Lisa Keasler, S. Hensley, Y. Li, Rada Mihalcea, D.J. Min, V. Perez-Rosas, Lisa A. Prosser, L. Resnicow, W. Ye, Hui Shao, P. Zhang, José A. Luchsinger, D. Sanchez, Stephanie Assuras, Erik J. Groessl, F. Sakha, H. Chong, N. Hillery, I. Abdouch, G. Bahtiyar, P. Brantley, F.E. Broyles, G. Canaris, Paul M. Copeland, J.J. Craine, W.L. Fein, A. Gliwa, L. Hope, M.S. Lee, R. Meiners, V. Meiners, H. O’Neal, J.E. Park, Alan Sacerdote, E. Sledge, L. Soni, J. Steppel-Reznik, Alexander Turchin · 发表于：Diabetes Care · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.2337/dc23-1356 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Diabetes Treatment and Management、Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins、Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

OBJECTIVE: We report mortality outcomes in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE) among people with type 2 diabetes diagnosed within 10 years and no recent history of cardiovascular events or cancer. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Overall mortality rates and major causes of death were assessed over an average of 5 years of follow-up. Cause of death was adjudicated centrally by a committee masked to treatment assignment. We examined baseline covariates and the 10-year Framingham Risk Score for associations. RESULTS: Mortality rate was low (0.59 per 100 participant-years). Participants who died during follow-up were likely to be older, be male, have a history of hypertension, have a history of smoking, and have moderate albuminuria. The two most common underlying causes of death were "cardiovascular-cause" (a composite of underlying causes) (38.6%) and cancer (26.8%). There were no differences by treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Among people with diabetes of relatively short duration, cause of death was varied. Attention to health risks beyond cardiovascular diseases is warranted.