Photodynamic therapy in periodontitis: A narrative review

作者：Min Nie, Peipei Zhang, Janak L. Pathak, Xiaoyu Wang, Yafei Wu, Jingmei Yang, Yuqin Shen · 发表于：Photodermatology Photoimmunology & Photomedicine · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1111/phpp.12946 · 被引用次数：28 · 研究领域：Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies、Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine、Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis, a chronic infectious disease, is primarily caused by a dysbiotic microbiome, leading to the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues and tooth loss. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which combines excitation light with photosensitizers (PS) and oxygen to produce antibacterial reactive oxygen species, is emerging as a promising adjuvant treatment for periodontitis. METHODS: This review focuses on studies examining the antibacterial effects of PDT against periodontal pathogens. It also explores the impact of PDT on various aspects of periodontal health, including periodontal immune cells, human gingival fibroblasts, gingival collagen, inflammatory mediators, cytokines in the periodontium, vascular oxidative stress, vascular behavior, and alveolar bone health. Clinical trials assessing the types of PSs and light sources used in PDT, as well as its effects on clinical and immune factors in gingival sulcus fluid and the bacterial composition of dental plaque, are discussed. RESULTS: The findings indicate that PDT is effective in reducing periodontal pathogens and improving markers of periodontal health. It has shown positive impacts on periodontal immune response, tissue integrity, and alveolar bone preservation. Clinical trials have demonstrated improvements in periodontal health and alterations in the microbial composition of dental plaque when PDT is used alongside conventional treatments. CONCLUSIONS: PDT offers a promising adjunctive treatment for periodo...