Establishment and pathophysiological evaluation of a novel model of acute compartment syndrome in rats

作者：Qi Dong, Yubin Long, Jin Lin, Guanlin Hou, Guoqiang Li, Tao Wang, Huiyang Jia, Yingchao Yin, Junfei Guo, Huijie Ma, Sujuan Xu, Yingze Zhang, Zhiyong Hou · 发表于：BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12891-024-07187-6 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Muscle and Compartmental Disorders、Abdominal Surgery and Complications、Pneumothorax, Barotrauma, Emphysema

BACKGROUND: Researches have used intra-compartmental infusion and ballon tourniquest to create high intra-compartmental pressure in animal models of Acute Compartment Syndrome (ACS). However, due to the large differences in the modeling methods and the evaluation criteria of ACS, further researches of its pathophysiology and pathogenesis are hindered. Currently, there is no ideal animal model for ACS and this study aimed to establish a reproducible, clinically relevant animal model. METHODS: Blunt trauma and fracture were caused by the free falling of weights (0.5 kg, 1 kg, 2 kg) from a height of 40 cm onto the lower legs of rats, and the application of pressures of 100 mmHg, 200 mmHg, 300 mmHg and 400 mmHg to the lower limbs of rats using a modified pressurizing device for 6 h. The intra-compartmental pressure (ICP) and the pressure change (ΔP) of rats with single and combined injury were continuously recorded, and the pathophysiology of the rats was assessed based on serum biochemistry, histological and hemodynamic changes. RESULTS: The ΔP caused by single injury method of different weights falling onto the lower leg did not meet the diagnosis criteria for ACS (< 30 mmHg). On the other hand, a combined injury method of a falling weight of 1.0 kg and the use of a pressurizing device with pressure of 300 mmHg or 400 mmHg for 6 h resulted in the desired ACS diagnosis criteria with a ΔP value of less than 30 mmHg. The serum analytes, histological damage score, and fibrosis leve...