Improved Temporal and Spatial Focality of Non-invasive Deep-brain Stimulation using Multipolar Single-pulse Temporal Interference with Applications in Epilepsy

作者：Emma Acerbo, Boris Botzanowski, Damián Dellavale, Matthew Stern, Eric R. Cole, Claire‐Anne Gutekunst, Miller L. Gantt, Melanie Steiner, Florian Missey, Antonino M. Cassarà, Esra Neufeld, Ken Berglund, Viktor Jirsa, Robert E. Gross, Daniel L. Drane, Eric Daniel Głowacki, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Adam Williamson · 发表于：bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1101/2024.01.11.575301 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Neuroscience and Neural Engineering、Neural dynamics and brain function、Photoreceptor and optogenetics research

Abstract Temporal Interference (TI) is an emerging method to non-invasively stimulate deep brain structures. This innovative technique is increasingly recognized for its potential applications in the treatment of various neurological disorders, including epilepsy, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. However, several drawbacks to the TI method exist that we aim to improve upon. To begin, the applied electric field in the TI target is not much higher than what non-invasive transcranial alternating current stimulation (TACS) provides in the cortex. Additionally, the TI stimulation onset is dependent on the envelope of the amplitude modulated (AM) signal, where for example 1 Hz and 100 Hz envelopes have significantly different rise times to reach maximum envelope amplitude – unlike square biphasic pulses. This limitation in turn prevents classic TI, from applying bursts of pulses. Finally, the electric field intensity of TI cannot be increased or decreased at the target without dramatically altering the spatial profile of the stimulation focus. In the work presented here, we efficiently address all three of these limitations. First, we performed two-photon calcium imaging to show that individual neurons selectively respond to the TI envelope frequency, providing evidence that TI modulates neural activity with temporal specificity. This marks a significant advancement, representing the first empirical demonstration of neuronal activation at the Δf frequency within the context of ...