Nitrogen application in pod zone improves yield and quality of two peanut cultivars by modulating nitrogen accumulation and metabolism

作者：Guanghui Li, Xin Guo, Wei Sun, Lei Hou, Guanghao Wang, Ruizheng Tian, Xingjun Wang, Chunjuan Qu, Chuanzhi Zhao · 发表于：BMC Plant Biology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12870-024-04725-1 · 被引用次数：29 · 研究领域：Peanut Plant Research Studies、Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems、Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica

Abstract Cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) represents one of the most important oil and cash crops world-widely. Unlike many other legumes, peanuts absorb nitrogen through their underground pods. Despite this unique feature, the relationship between yield and nitrogen uptake within the pod zone remains poorly understood. In our pot experiment, we divided the underground peanut part into two zones—pod and root—and investigated the physiological and agronomic traits of two peanut cultivars, SH11 (large seeds, LS) and HY23 (small seeds, SS), at 10 (S1), 20 (S2), and 30 (S3) days after gynophores penetrated the soil, with nitrogen application in the pod zone. Results indicated that nitrogen application increased pod yield, kernel protein content, and nitrogen accumulation in plants. For both LS and SS peanut cultivars, optimal nitrogen content was 60 kg·hm − 2 , leading to maximum yield. LS cultivar exhibited higher yield and nitrogen accumulation increases than SS cultivar. Nitrogen application up-regulated the expression of nitrogen metabolism-related genes in the pod, including nitrate reductase ( NR ), nitrite reductase ( NIR ), glutamine synthetase ( GS ), glutamate synthase ( NADH-GOGAT ), ATP binding cassette ( ABC ), and nitrate transporter ( NRT2 ). Additionally, nitrogen application increased enzyme activity in the pod, including NR , GS , and GOGAT , consistent with gene expression levels. These nitrogen metabolism traits exhibited higher up-regulations in the l...