Multi-omics revealed the effects of dietary energy levels on the rumen microbiota and metabolites in yaks under house-feeding conditions

作者：Xiaoyong Ma, Yongfu La, Guowu Yang, Rongfeng Dai, Juanxiang Zhang, Yonghui Zhang, Jiaming Jin, Xiaoming Ma, Xian Guo, Min Kyung Chu, Ping Yan, Qiang Zhang, Chunnian Liang · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2023.1309535 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology、Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock、Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies

Yak ( Bos grunniens ) is a unique large ruminant species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Changing the energy levels of their rations can significantly improve their growth performance. Therefore, studying the effects of dietary energy levels on the rumen microflora and metabolites of yak is crucial for enhancing the development of the yak industry. Currently, there is a lack of understanding regarding the impact of feeding energy diets on rumen fermentation parameters, microbial functions, and metabolites. This study was designed to determine the appropriate energy level for feeding yak. Three test diets with metabolizable energy levels of 7.57 MJ/kg, 9.44 MJ/kg, and 11.9 MJ/kg were used and the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in rumen fluid was measured. The microbial communities, functions, and metabolites in yaks were studied by 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenome, and LC-MS non-targeted metabolomics to investigate the relationships among rumen fermentation parameters, microbial diversity, and metabolites. Ration energy levels significantly affect total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, iso -valerate, valerate, and acetate/propionate ( p < 0.05). At the phylum level, the dominant phyla in all three treatment groups were Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota. At the genus level, the abundance of the unclassified_o__Bacteroidales , norank_f_Muribaculaceae , Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group , and Family _XIII_AD3011_group showed significant differ...