Recognizing facial expressions of emotion amid noise: A dynamic advantage

作者：Anne-Raphaëlle Richoz, Lisa Stacchi, Pauline Schaller, Junpeng Lao, Michael Papinutto, Valentina Ticcinelli, Roberto Caldara · 发表于：Journal of Vision · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1167/jov.24.1.7 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Face Recognition and Perception、Multisensory perception and integration、Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment

Humans communicate internal states through complex facial movements shaped by biological and evolutionary constraints. Although real-life social interactions are flooded with dynamic signals, current knowledge on facial expression recognition mainly arises from studies using static face images. This experimental bias might stem from previous studies consistently reporting that young adults minimally benefit from the richer dynamic over static information, whereas children, the elderly, and clinical populations very strongly do (Richoz, Jack, Garrod, Schyns, & Caldara, 2015, Richoz, Jack, Garrod, Schyns, & Caldara, 2018b). These observations point to a near-optimal facial expression decoding system in young adults, almost insensitive to the advantage of dynamic over static cues. Surprisingly, no study has yet tested the idea that such evidence might be rooted in a ceiling effect. To this aim, we asked 70 healthy young adults to perform static and dynamic facial expression recognition of the six basic expressions while parametrically and randomly varying the low-level normalized phase and contrast signal (0%-100%) of the faces. As predicted, when 100% face signals were presented, static and dynamic expressions were recognized with equal efficiency with the exception of those with the most informative dynamics (i.e., happiness and surprise). However, when less signal was available, dynamic expressions were all better recognized than their static counterpart (peaking at ∼20%). Ou...