Parthenogenomics: Insights on mutation rates and nucleotide diversity in parthenogenetic Panagrolaimus nematodes

作者：Laura Villegas, Luca Ferretti, Thomas Wiehe, Ann‐Marie Waldvogel, Philipp H. Schiffer · 发表于：Ecology and Evolution · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/ece3.10831 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Evolution and Genetic Dynamics、Nematode management and characterization studies、Plant and animal studies

Abstract Asexual reproduction is assumed to lead to the accumulation of deleterious mutations, and reduced heterozygosity due to the absence of recombination. Panagrolaimid nematode species display different modes of reproduction. Sexual reproduction with distinct males and females, asexual reproduction through parthenogenesis in the genus Panagrolaimus , and hermaphroditism in Propanagrolaimus . Here, we compared genomic features of free‐living nematodes in populations and species isolated from geographically distant regions to study diversity, and genome‐wide differentiation under different modes of reproduction. We firstly estimated genome‐wide spontaneous mutation rates in a triploid parthenogenetic Panagrolaimus , and a diploid hermaphroditic Propanagrolaimus via long‐term mutation accumulation lines. Secondly, we calculated population genetic parameters including nucleotide diversity, and fixation index ( F ST ) between populations of asexually and sexually reproducing nematodes. Thirdly, we used phylogenetic network methods on sexually and asexually reproducing Panagrolaimus populations to understand evolutionary relationships between them. The estimated mutation rate was slightly lower for the asexual population, as expected for taxa with this reproductive mode. Natural polyploid asexual populations revealed higher nucleotide diversity. Despite their common ancestor, a gene network revealed a high level of genetic differentiation among asexual populations. The elevate...