Adult Animal Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Biomedical Research and the One Health Paradigm

作者：Vojtěch Gabriel, Christopher Zdyrski, Dipak Kumar Sahoo, Abigail Ralston, Hannah Wickham, Agnes Bourgois‐Mochel, Basant H. Ahmed, Maria M. Merodio, Karel Paukner, Pablo Enrique Piñeyro, Jamie Jennifer Kopper, Eric Rowe, Jodi D. Smith, David Kyle Meyerholz, Amir Kol, Austin K. Viall, Mohamed Elbadawy, Jonathan Paul Mochel, Karin Allenspach · 发表于：International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3390/ijms25020701 · 被引用次数：33 · 研究领域：Cancer Cells and Metastasis、3D Printing in Biomedical Research、Pluripotent Stem Cells Research

Preclinical biomedical research is limited by the predictiveness of in vivo and in vitro models. While in vivo models offer the most complex system for experimentation, they are also limited by ethical, financial, and experimental constraints. In vitro models are simplified models that do not offer the same complexity as living animals but do offer financial affordability and more experimental freedom; therefore, they are commonly used. Traditional 2D cell lines cannot fully simulate the complexity of the epithelium of healthy organs and limit scientific progress. The One Health Initiative was established to consolidate human, animal, and environmental health while also tackling complex and multifactorial medical problems. Reverse translational research allows for the sharing of knowledge between clinical research in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, organoid technology has been developed to mimic the original organ's epithelial microstructure and function more reliably. While human and murine organoids are available, numerous other organoids have been derived from traditional veterinary animals and exotic species in the last decade. With these additional organoid models, species previously excluded from in vitro research are becoming accessible, therefore unlocking potential translational and reverse translational applications of animals with unique adaptations that overcome common problems in veterinary and human medicine.