Colchicine to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

作者：Alexander Philipp Benz, Guy Amit, Stuart J. Connolly, J Singh, Juan G. Acosta‐Vélez, David Conen, Bishoy Deif, Syamkumar Divakaramenon, William F. McIntyre, Viwe Mtwesi, Jason D. Roberts, Jorge A. Wong, Robin Zhao, Jeff S. Healey, for the IMPROVE-PVI Investigators · 发表于：Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1161/circep.123.012387 · 被引用次数：49 · 研究领域：Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes、Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments、Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade

BACKGROUND: Inflammation may promote atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation. This study aimed to evaluate a short-term anti-inflammatory treatment with colchicine following ablation of AF. METHODS: Patients scheduled for ablation were randomized to receive colchicine 0.6 mg twice daily or placebo for 10 days. The first dose of the study drug was administered within 4 hours before ablation. Atrial arrhythmia recurrence was defined as AF, atrial flutter, or atrial tachycardia >30 s on two 14-day Holters performed immediately and at 3 months following ablation. RESULTS: The modified intention-to-treat population included 199 patients (median age, 61 years; 22% female; 70% first procedure) who underwent radiofrequency (79%) or cryoballoon ablation (21%) of AF. Antiarrhythmic drugs were prescribed at discharge in 149 (75%) patients. Colchicine did not prevent atrial arrhythmia recurrence at 2 weeks (31% versus 32%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.98 [95% CI, 0.59–1.61]; P =0.92) or at 3 months following ablation (14% versus 15%; HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.45–2.02]; P =0.89). Postablation chest pain consistent with pericarditis was reduced with colchicine (4% versus 15%; HR, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.09–0.77]; P =0.02) and colchicine increased diarrhea (26% versus 7%; HR, 4.74 [95% CI, 1.95–11.53]; P <0.001). During a median follow-up of 1.3 years, colchicine did not reduce a composite of emergency department visit, cardiovascular hospitalization, cardioversion, or repeat ablation (29 ver...