Arterial Stiffness and Oxidized LDL Independently Associated With Post-Acute Sequalae of SARS-CoV-2

作者：Sokratis N. Zisis, Jared Durieux, Christian Mouchati, Nicholas Funderburg, Kate Ailstock, Shang Chee Chong, Danielle Labbato, Grace A. McComsey · 发表于：Pathogens and Immunity · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.20411/pai.v8i2.634 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 survivors can experience lingering symptoms known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) that appear in different phenotypes, and its etiology remains elusive. We assessed the relationship of endothelial dysfunction with having COVID and PASC. METHODS: Data was collected from a prospectively enrolled cohort (n=379) of COVID-negative and COVID-positive participants with and without PASC. Primary outcomes, endothelial function (measured by reactive hyperemic index [RHI]), and arterial elasticity (measured by augmentation index standardized at 75 bpm [AI]), were measured using the FDA approved EndoPAT. Patient characteristics, labs, metabolic measures, markers of inflammation, and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) were collected at each study visit, and PASC symptoms were categorized into 3 non-exclusive phenotypes: cardiopulmonary, neurocognitive, and general. COVID-negative controls were propensity score matched to COVID-negative-infected cases using the greedy nearest neighbor method. RESULTS: There were 14.3% of participants who were fully recovered COVID positive and 28.5% who were COVID positive with PASC, averaging 8.64 ± 6.26 total number of symptoms. The mean RHI was similar across the cohort and having COVID or PASC was not associated with endothelial function (P=0.33). Age (P<0.0001), female sex (P<0.0001), and CRP P=0.04) were positively associated with arterial stiffness, and COVID positive PASC positive with neurological and/or cardiopulmonary ph...