Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Executive Function Impairment in Metopic Craniosynostosis

作者：Mariana N. Almeida, David P. Alper, Aaron S. Long, Carlos E. Barrero, Mica Williams, Sam Boroumand, Joshua Glahn, Jinesh Shah, Jordan W. Swanson, Michael Alperovich · 发表于：Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1097/prs.0000000000011249 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments、Cleft Lip and Palate Research、Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting

BACKGROUND: Favorable behavioral interactions are critical for academic and interpersonal success. An association between metopic synostosis and behavioral impairments has not been fully elucidated. Behavioral dysfunction in school-age children with surgically corrected metopic synostosis was evaluated using targeted testing to detect the most common behavioral abnormalities in this population. METHODS: Parents of children 6 to 18 years of age with metopic synostosis completed the Conners Rating Scales, 3rd edition (Short Form) (Conners-3; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd edition (SRS-2; autism spectrum disorder), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, 2nd edition (executive functioning), and Child's Behavioral Checklist (behavioral/emotional functioning). Children also completed neurocognitive testing. Multivariable regression was used to determine predictors of clinically significant behavioral impairments. RESULTS: Sixty children were enrolled. Average age at surgery was 9.2 ± 7.9 months, with an average age at assessment of 10.3 ± 3.5 years. Nearly half of patients demonstrated symptoms associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, demonstrated by reaching or exceeding borderline clinical levels for inattention and hyperactivity subscales of the Conners-3. Greater age at surgery was associated with worse executive function, measured by reaching or exceeding clinically significant levels of the executive func...