Plant–soil synchrony in nutrient cycles: Learning from ecosystems to design sustainable agrosystems

作者：Sébastien Fontaine, Luc Abbadie, Michaël Aubert, Sébastien Barot, Juliette Bloor, Delphine Derrien, Olivier Duchêne, Nicolas Gross, Ludovic Henneron, Xavier Le Roux, Nicolas Loeuille, Jennifer Michel, Sylvie Recous, Daniel Wipf, Gaël Alvarez · 发表于：Global Change Biology · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1111/gcb.17034 · 被引用次数：124 · 研究领域：Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

Abstract Redesigning agrosystems to include more ecological regulations can help feed a growing human population, preserve soils for future productivity, limit dependency on synthetic fertilizers, and reduce agriculture contribution to global changes such as eutrophication and warming. However, guidelines for redesigning cropping systems from natural systems to make them more sustainable remain limited. Synthetizing the knowledge on biogeochemical cycles in natural ecosystems, we outline four ecological systems that synchronize the supply of soluble nutrients by soil biota with the fluctuating nutrient demand of plants. This synchrony limits deficiencies and excesses of soluble nutrients, which usually penalize both production and regulating services of agrosystems such as nutrient retention and soil carbon storage. In the ecological systems outlined, synchrony emerges from plant–soil and plant–plant interactions, eco‐physiological processes, soil physicochemical processes, and the dynamics of various nutrient reservoirs, including soil organic matter, soil minerals, atmosphere, and a common market. We discuss the relative importance of these ecological systems in regulating nutrient cycles depending on the pedoclimatic context and on the functional diversity of plants and microbes. We offer ideas about how these systems could be stimulated within agrosystems to improve their sustainability. A review of the latest advances in agronomy shows that some of the practices suggeste...