Salivary Extracellular Vesicles: Biomarkers and Beyond in Human Diseases

作者：Jialing Wu, Gege Liu, Rong Jia, Jihua Guo · 发表于：International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.3390/ijms242417328 · 被引用次数：26 · 研究领域：Extracellular vesicles in disease、Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions、Dermatological and COVID-19 studies

Extracellular vesicles, as bioactive molecules, have been extensively studied. There are abundant studies in the literature on their biogenesis, secretion, structure, and content, and their roles in pathophysiological processes. Extracellular vesicles have been reviewed as biomarkers for use in diagnostic tools. Saliva contains many extracellular vesicles, and compared with other body fluids, it is easier to obtain in a non-invasive way, making its acquisition more easily accepted by patients. In recent years, there have been numerous new studies investigating the role of salivary extracellular vesicles as biomarkers. These studies have significant implications for future clinical diagnosis. Therefore, in this paper, we summarize and review the potential applications of salivary extracellular vesicles as biomarkers, and we also describe their other functions (e.g., hemostasis, innate immune defense) in both oral and non-oral diseases.