Perineuronal Nets: From Structure to Neurological Disorders

作者：Xianghe Li, Nuojin Li, Pingping Zhao, Dongyan Ren, Bin Luo, Tian Zhou · 发表于：Current Medicinal Chemistry · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.2174/0109298673258290231009111633 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology、Nerve injury and regeneration、Pain Mechanisms and Treatments

Perineuronal nets (PNN) is condensed extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS), which surrounds cell soma, axon initial segments, and synapses. In the brain, most neurons surrounded by PNN are interneurons, especially the parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PVI). The formation of PNN is involved in the PVI maturation as well as the onset and closure of critical periods for developmental plasticity end. Dysfunction of PVI can lead to some neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar depression, and Alzheimer's disease. Similarly, PNN assembling abnormalities are often observed in human patients and animal disease models. PNN is thought to have a neuroprotective effect and interact with signaling molecules to regulate synaptic plasticity and neuronal activity. In this review, we provide an overview of the composition, structure, and functions of PNN. In addition, we highlight abnormal changes in PNN components in pathological conditions. Understanding the roles of different components of PNN will bring us a new perspective on brain plasticity and neurological disorders.