Temporal Structures in Positron Spectra and Charge-Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays

作者：M. Aguilar, G. Ambrosi, H. R. Anderson, L. Arruda, N. Attig, C. Bagwell, F. Barão, M. Barbanera, L. Barrin, A. Bartoloni, R. Battiston, N. L. Belyaev, J. Berdugo, B. Bertucci, V. Bindi, K. Bollweg, J. Bolster, M. Borchiellini, B. Borgia, M. J. Boschini, M. Bourquin, Johanna Bürger, W. J. Burger, X.D. Cai, M. Capell, J. Casaus, G. Castellini, F. Cervelli, Y. H. Chang, Guo-Ming Chen, G. R. Chen, H. Chen, H. S. Chen, Y. Chen, Lin Cheng, H. Y. Chou, S. Chouridou, V. Choutko, C. H. Chung, C. Clark, G. Coignet, C. Consolandi, A. Contin, C. Corti, Z. Cui, S. Kokou Dadzie, Fulvio D’Angelo, Amala Dass, C. Delgado, S. Della Torre, B. Demirköz, L. Derome, S. Di Falco, V. Di Felice, C. Díaz, F. Dimiccoli, P. von Doetinchem, Fang Dong, F. Donnini, M. Duranti, A. I. Egorov, A. Eline, F. Faldi, J. H. Feng, E. Fiandrini, P.H. Fisher, V. Formato, C. Gámez, R. J. Garcı́a López, Corrado Gargiulo, H. Gast, M. Gervasi, F. Giovacchini, D. M. Gómez-Coral, J. Gong, C. Goy, D. Grandi, M. Graziani, A. N. Guracho, S. Haino, K. C. Han, R. K. Hashmani, Z. H. He, B. Heber, Timothy H. Hsieh, Jiayu Hu, B. W. Huang, M. Ionica, M. Incagli, Yi Jia, H. Jinchi, G. Karagöz, S. Khan, B. Khiali, Th. Kirn, A. P. Klipfel, O. Kounina, A. Kounine, V. Koutsenko, D. Krasnopevtsev, A. Kuhlman, A. Kulemzin, G. La Vacca, E. Laudi, G. Laurenti, G. LaVecchia, I. Lazzizzera, H. T. Lee, S. C. Lee, H. L. Li, Qiang Li, M. Li, M. Li, Q. Li, Q. Li, Q. Y. Li, S. Li, Shiliang Li, J. H. Li, Z. H. Li, Juncheng Liang, M. J. Liang, Chao‐Hung Lin, Thomas Lippert, J. H. Liu, S. Q. Lu, Y.S. Lu, K. Luebelsmeyer, Junzhou Luo, Shan Luo, Xi Luo, C. Mañá, J. Marín, J. Marquardt, T. Martin, G. Martı́nez, N. Masi, D. Maurin, T. Medvedeva, A. Menchaca-Rocha, Q. Meng, M. Molero, P. Mott, L. Mussolin, Y. Najafi Jozani, J. Negrete, Riccardo Nicolaidis, N. Nikonov, F. Nozzoli, J. Ocampo-Peleteiro, A. Oliva, M. Orcinha, M. A. Ottupara, M. Palermo, F. Palmonari, M. Paniccia, A. Pashnin, M. Pauluzzi, S. Pensotti, V. Plyaskin, Stepan Poluianov, X. Qin, Z. Y. Qu, L. Quadrani, P.G. Rancoita, D. Rapin, A. Reina Conde, E. Robyn, I. Rodríguez-García, Lisa Romaneehsen, F. Rossi, A. Rozhkov, D. Rozza, R. Z. Sagdeev, Evgeny Savin, S. Schael, A. Schultz von Dratzig, G. Schwering, E. S. Seo, B. S. Shan, T. Siedenburg, G. Silvestre, Jiwei Song, Xiaojian Song, R. Sonnabend, Lidia Strigari, T. Su, Qie Sun, Z. T. Sun, M. Tacconi, X. Tang, Zichao Tang, Jie Tian, Y. Tian, Samuel C.C. Ting, S. M. Ting, Nicola Tomassetti, J. Torsti, T. Urban, Ilya Usoskin, V. Vagelli, Rami Vainio, M. Valencia-Otero, E. Valente, E. Valtonen, M. Vázquez Acosta, M. Vecchi, M. Velasco, J.P. Vialle, C. X. Wang, L. Wang, L. Q. Wang, H. Wang, Qiuliang Wang, S. Wang, X. Wang, Yu Wang, Z. M. Wang, Chuncheng Wei, Z. Weng, H. Wu, Y. Wu, J. N. Xiao, R. Q. Xiong, Xianze Xiong, W. Xu, Qi Yan, H. Yang, Y. Yang, Alexander M. Yelland, Han Yi, Y. H. You, Young Moon Yu, Z. Q. Yu, C. Zhang, F. Zhang, F. Z. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. H. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, C. Zheng, Z. M. Zheng, H. L. Zhuang, V. Zhukov, A. Zichichi, P. Zuccon · 发表于：Physical Review Letters · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1103/physrevlett.131.151002 · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics、Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena、Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena

We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic positron fluxes in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 3.4×10^{6} positrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The positron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the electron fluxes at short and long timescales. A hysteresis between the electron fluxes and the positron fluxes is observed with a significance greater than 5σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. On the contrary, the positron fluxes and the proton fluxes show similar time variation. Remarkably, we found that positron fluxes are modulated more than proton fluxes with a significance greater than 5σ for rigidities below 7 GV. These continuous daily positron fluxes, together with AMS daily electron, proton, and helium fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle, provide unique input to the understanding of both the charge-sign and mass dependencies of cosmic rays in the heliosphere.