Transcriptomic cytoarchitecture reveals principles of human neocortex organization

作者：Nikolas L. Jorstad, Jennie Close, Nelson Johansen, Anna Marie Yanny, Eliza R. Barkan, Kyle J. Travaglini, Darren Bertagnolli, Jazmin Campos, Tamara Casper, Kirsten Crichton, Nick Dee, Song‐Lin Ding, Emily C. Gelfand, Jeff Goldy, Daniel Hirschstein, Katelyn Kiick, Matthew R Kroll, Michael Kunst, Kanan B. Lathia, Brian R. Long, Naomi X. Martin, Delissa McMillen, Trangthanh H. Pham, Christine Rimorin, Augustin Ruiz, Nadiya V. Shapovalova, Soraya I. Shehata, Kimberly Siletti, Saroja Somasundaram, Josef Šulc, Michael Tieu, Amy Torkelson, Herman Tung, Edward M. Callaway, Patrick R. Hof, Christopher Dirk Keene, Boaz P. Levi, Sten Linnarsson, Partha P. Mitra, Kimberly A. Smith, Rebecca D. Hodge, Trygve E. Bakken, Ed S. Lein · 发表于：Science · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1126/science.adf6812 · 被引用次数：221 · 研究领域：Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics、Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms、Neural dynamics and brain function

Variation in cytoarchitecture is the basis for the histological definition of cortical areas. We used single cell transcriptomics and performed cellular characterization of the human cortex to better understand cortical areal specialization. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing of 8 areas spanning cortical structural variation showed a highly consistent cellular makeup for 24 cell subclasses. However, proportions of excitatory neuron subclasses varied substantially, likely reflecting differences in connectivity across primary sensorimotor and association cortices. Laminar organization of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes also differed across areas. Primary visual cortex showed characteristic organization with major changes in the excitatory to inhibitory neuron ratio, expansion of layer 4 excitatory neurons, and specialized inhibitory neurons. These results lay the groundwork for a refined cellular and molecular characterization of human cortical cytoarchitecture and areal specialization.