Cortical growth from infancy to adolescence in preterm and term-born children

作者：Claire E. Kelly, Deanne Kim Thompson, Chris L. Adamson, Gareth Ball, Thijs Dhollander, Richard J Beare, Lillian G. Matthews, Bonnie Alexander, Jeanie L.Y. Cheong, Lex William Doyle, Peter J. Anderson, Terrie Eleanor Inder · 发表于：Brain · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1093/brain/awad348 · 被引用次数：56 · 研究领域：Neonatal and fetal brain pathology、Infant Development and Preterm Care、Functional Brain Connectivity Studies

Early life experiences can exert a significant influence on cortical and cognitive development. Very preterm birth exposes infants to several adverse environmental factors during hospital admission, which affect cortical architecture. However, the subsequent consequence of very preterm birth on cortical growth from infancy to adolescence has never been defined; despite knowledge of critical periods during childhood for establishment of cortical networks. Our aims were to: chart typical longitudinal cortical development and sex differences in cortical development from birth to adolescence in healthy term-born children; estimate differences in cortical development between children born at term and very preterm; and estimate differences in cortical development between children with normal and impaired cognition in adolescence. This longitudinal cohort study included children born at term (≥37 weeks' gestation) and very preterm (<30 weeks' gestation) with MRI scans at ages 0, 7 and 13 years (n = 66 term-born participants comprising 34 with one scan, 18 with two scans and 14 with three scans; n = 201 very preterm participants comprising 56 with one scan, 88 with two scans and 57 with three scans). Cognitive assessments were performed at age 13 years. Cortical surface reconstruction and parcellation were performed with state-of-the-art, equivalent MRI analysis pipelines for all time points, resulting in longitudinal cortical volume, surface area and thickness measurements for 62 co...