The associations of coffee consumption, coffee types, and caffeine metabolites with periodontitis: Results from NHANES 2009–2014

作者：Qiansi Chen, Ruiyang Ge, Yuxuan Wu, Yuying Wu, Han Yang, Yiming Yu, Qingrong Deng, Yu Qiu, Baochang He, Fuhua Yan, Yanfen Li, Fa Chen · 发表于：Journal of Periodontology · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1002/jper.23-0322 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Coffee research and impacts、Folate and B Vitamins Research、Tea Polyphenols and Effects

BACKGROUND: Coffee is one of the world's most popular beverages and is the main dietary source of caffeine for most people. The various molecular effects of caffeine suggest that it may enhance bone loss. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship of coffee, coffee types, and caffeine metabolites with periodontitis. METHODS: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014. Total coffee and different types of coffee consumption were acquired through a 24-h dietary recall. Urinary caffeine metabolites were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC‒ESI‒MS/MS). The association of coffee, coffee types, and caffeine metabolites with periodontitis and its severity were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 3309 eligible participants were included. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, a positive association was observed between coffee consumption (particularly certain types of coffee) and periodontitis. Notably, a positive correlation was also found between total coffee intake and the severity of periodontitis. Additionally, for urinary caffeine metabolites, there was a significant positive association between 1-methyluric acid (1-MU), 1,3-dimethyluric acid (1,3-DMU), 3,7-dimethyluric acid (3,7-DMU), 1,7-dimethylxanthine (1,7-DMX), or 5-actlyamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil (AAMU) and peri...