A cell transcriptomic profile provides insights into adipocytes of porcine mammary gland across development

作者：Yongliang Fan, Long Jin, Zhiping He, Tiantian Wei, Tingting Luo, Jiaman Zhang, Can Liu, Chang-jiu DAI, Anne Chao, Yan Liang, Xuan Tao, Xuebin Lv, Yiren Gu, Mingzhou Li · 发表于：Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s40104-023-00926-0 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Mesenchymal stem cell research、Cancer Cells and Metastasis、Birth, Development, and Health

BACKGROUND: Studying the composition and developmental mechanisms in mammary gland is crucial for healthy growth of newborns. The mammary gland is inherently heterogeneous, and its physiological function dependents on the gene expression of multiple cell types. Most studies focused on epithelial cells, disregarding the role of neighboring adipocytes. RESULTS: Here, we constructed the largest transcriptomic dataset of porcine mammary gland cells thus far. The dataset captured 126,829 high-quality nuclei from physiological mammary glands across five developmental stages (d 90 of gestation, G90; d 0 after lactation, L0; d 20 after lactation, L20; 2 d post natural involution, PI2; 7 d post natural involution, PI7). Seven cell types were identified, including epithelial cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts cells, immune cells, myoepithelial cells and precursor cells. Our data indicate that mammary glands at different developmental stages have distinct phenotypic and transcriptional signatures. During late gestation (G90), the differentiation and proliferation of adipocytes were inhibited. Meanwhile, partly epithelial cells were completely differentiated. Pseudo-time analysis showed that epithelial cells undergo three stages to achieve lactation, including cellular differentiation, hormone sensing, and metabolic activation. During lactation (L0 and L20), adipocytes area accounts for less than 0.5% of mammary glands. To maintain their own survival, the adipocyte exhibit...