Gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid facilitates Th17 differentiation through modulating cholesterol biosynthesis and participates in high-fat diet-associated colonic inflammation

作者：Dan Li, Jiefei Zhou, Lingyu Wang, Zizhen Gong, Huijuan Le, Ye Huang, Chuanshan Xu, Chunyan Tian, Wei Cai, Jin Wu · 发表于：Cell & Bioscience · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s13578-023-01109-0 · 被引用次数：30 · 研究领域：Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism、Gut microbiota and health、IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways

Abstract Background High-fat diet (HFD) is closely associated with the increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Excessive gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid (DCA) caused by HFD plays significant roles in eliciting intestinal inflammation, however, the mechanism underlining the induction of inflammatory response by DCA has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of DCA in the triggering of inflammation via affecting CD4 + T cell differentiation. Results Murine CD4 + T cells were cultured under Th1, Th2 or Th17-polarizing conditions treated with or without different dosage of DCA, and flowcytometry was conducted to detect the effect of DCA on CD4 + T cell differentiation. Alteration of gene expression in CD4 + T cells upon DCA treatment was determined by RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis, cholesterol metabolic profiling, ChIP assay and immuno-fluorescent staining were further applied to explore the DCA-regulated pathway that involved in CD4 + T cell differentiation. The results showed that DCA could dose-dependently promote the differentiation of CD4 + T cell into Th17 linage with pathogenic signature. Mechanistically, DCA stimulated the expression of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes CYP51 and led to the increased generation of endogenous RORγt agonists, including zymosterol and desmosterol, therefore facilitating Th17 differentiation. Up-regulation of CYP51 by DCA was largely mediated via targeti...