Development of a new effective African swine fever virus vaccine candidate by deletion of the H240R and MGF505-7R genes results in protective immunity against the Eurasia strain

作者：Jiangnan Li, Jie Song, Shijun Zhou, Shuai Li, Jia Liu, Tingting Li, Zhaoxia Zhang, Xianfeng Zhang, Xijun He, Weiye Chen, Jun Zheng, Dongming Zhao, Zhigao Bu, Li Huang, Changjiang Weng · 发表于：Journal of Virology · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1128/jvi.00704-23 · 被引用次数：25 · 研究领域：Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology、Vector-Borne Animal Diseases、Viral Infections and Immunology Research

ABSTRACT African swine fever is a contagious and lethal disease of domestic pigs and wild boars, which has caused significant economic loss for the swine industry. African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of ASF. Until now, no effective commercial vaccine and antiviral drugs are available for ASF control. Here, we report a new designed live-attenuated mutant (ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R) by deleting H240R and MGF505-7R genes based on the highly pathogenic ASFV HLJ/18 backbone. The viral titer of ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R was decreased approximately 1.0 log in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) compared with its parental ASFV HLJ/18, and it is highly stability following 30 serial passages in vitro . Piglets immunized by intramuscular inoculation with 10 3 or 10 5 HAD 50 of ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R displayed safety without any ASF-related signs and could not be transmitted by direct contact. In addition, the immunized pigs produced specific antibodies against p30 but not those cohabitation piglets. Challenged with a virulent ASFV isolate HLJ/18, the piglets in the immunized group with 10 3 HAD 50 of ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R obtained clinically significant 100% protection with mild clinical symptoms, whereas the piglets in the immunized group with 10 5 HAD 50 of ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R obtained 100% protection without clinical symptoms. Moreover, the piglets in the immunized group with 10 5 HAD 50 of ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R exhibited low levels of virus replication and with no observed pathological changes by postmo...