Factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency in Brazilian children under 5 years old: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)

作者：Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro, Paula Normando, Dayana Rodrigues Farias, Talita Lelis Berti, Raquel Machado Schincaglia, Pedro Gomes Andrade, Neilane Bertoni, Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda, Luiz Antônio dos Anjos, Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini, Marta Citelli, Flávia Fioruci Bezerra, Lúcia Fátima Campos Pedrosa, Alceu Afonso Jordão, Pedro Israel Cabral de Lira, Gilberto Kac, Letícia Barroso Vertulli Carneiro, Nadya Helena Alves‐Santos · 发表于：Cadernos de Saúde Pública · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1590/0102-311xen194922 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Child Nutrition and Water Access、Iron Metabolism and Disorders、Indigenous Health and Education

Factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency were investigated in 7,716 children 6-59 months of age studied in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). We adopted a hierarchical approach based on a United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) theoretical model with three levels, stratifying by age (6-23; 24-59 months). Prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated. Enabling determinants: a higher prevalence of anemia was observed in children 6-23 months whose mothers had ≤ 7 years of schooling (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.10; 3.34), < 20 years old (PR = 2.47; 95%CI: 1.34; 4.56) or 20-30 years old (PR = 1.95; 95%CI: 1.11; 3.44), mixed-race (PR = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.06; 2.23); and in children 24-59 months in the North Region (PR = 3.11; 95%CI: 1.58; 6.13). A higher prevalence for vitamin A deficiency was observed in children 6-23 months from Central-West (PR = 2.32; 95%CI: 1.33; 4.05), and in children 24-59 months living in the North (PR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.16; 3.30), South (PR = 3.07; 95%CI: 1.89; 5.01), and Central-West (PR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.12; 3.25) and whose mothers were 20-34 years (PR = 1.62; 95%CI: 1.11; 2.35). Underlying determinants: the presence of more than one child < 5 years old in the household was associated with a higher prevalence of anemia (PR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.15; 2.25) and vitamin A deficiency (PR = 1.82; 95%CI: 1.09; 3.05) in children 6-23 months. Immediate determinants: consumption of 1-2 groups of ultra-processed food...