Physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic reveal metabolic pathway alterations in Gymnocypris przewalskii due to cold exposure

作者：Sijia Liu, Fei Tian, Delin Qi, Hongfang Qi, Yang Wang, Shixiao Xu, Kai Zhao · 发表于：BMC Genomics · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s12864-023-09587-9 · 被引用次数：31 · 研究领域：Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth、Physiological and biochemical adaptations、Aquaculture disease management and microbiota

Teleost fish have evolved various adaptations that allow them to tolerate cold water conditions. However, the underlying mechanism of this adaptation is poorly understood in Tibetan Plateau fish. RNA-seq combined with liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) metabolomics was used to investigate the physiological responses of a Tibetan Plateau-specific teleost, Gymnocypris przewalskii, under cold conditions. The 8-month G. przewalskii juvenile fish were exposed to cold (4 ℃, cold acclimation, CA) and warm (17 ℃, normal temperature, NT) temperature water for 15 days. Then, the transcript profiles of eight tissues, including the brain, gill, heart, intestine, hepatopancreas, kidney, muscle, and skin, were evaluated by transcriptome sequencing. The metabolites of the intestine, hepatopancreas, and muscle were identified by LC‒MS/MS. A total of 5,745 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the CA group. The key DEGs were annotated using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. The DEGs from the eight tissues were significantly enriched in spliceosome pathways, indicating that activated alternative splicing is a critical biological process that occurs in the tissues to help fish cope with cold stress. Additionally, 82, 97, and 66 differentially expressed metabolites were identified in the intestine, hepatopancreas, and muscle, respectively. Glutathione metabolism was the only overlapping significant pathway between the transcripto...