Do economic incentives promote physical activity? Evidence from the London Congestion Charge

作者：Ryota Nakamura, Andrea Albanese, Emma Coombes, Marc Suhrcke · 发表于：Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society) · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1093/jrsssa/qnad112 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Urban Transport and Accessibility、Transportation Planning and Optimization、Economic and Environmental Valuation

Abstract This study investigates the impact of economic incentives on travel-related physical activity, leveraging the London Congestion Charge’s disincentivising of sedentary travel modes via increasing the cost of private car use within Central London. The scheme imposes charges on most types of cars entering, exiting, and operating within the Central London area, while individuals living inside the charging zone are eligible for a 90% reduction in congestion charges. Geographical location information provides the full-digit postcode data necessary to precisely identify the eligibility for the discount of participants in the London Travel Demand Survey for the period 2005–2011. Using a boundary regression-discontinuity design reveals a statistically significantly positive impact on active commuting (i.e. cycling and walking) around the border of the charging zone. The effect is larger for lower-income households and car owners. The findings are robust against multiple specifications and validation tests.