Urban–rural disparity in global estimation of PM2·5 household air pollution and its attributable health burden

作者：Nahid Mohajeri, Shih-Che Hsu, James Milner, Jonathon Taylor, Gregor Kiesewetter, Ágúst Guðmundsson, Harry Kennard, Ian Hamilton, Michael Davies · 发表于：The Lancet Planetary Health · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00133-x · 被引用次数：48 · 研究领域：Energy and Environment Impacts、Air Quality and Health Impacts、Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging

Background Polluting fuels and inefficient stove technologies are still a leading cause of premature deaths worldwide, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. Previous studies of global household air pollution (HAP) have neither considered the estimation of PM 2·5 at national level nor the corresponding attributable mortality burden. Additionally, the effects of climate and ambient air pollution on the global estimation of HAP-PM 2·5 exposure for different urban and rural settings remain largely unknown. In this study, we include climatic effects to estimate the HAP-PM 2·5 exposure from different fuel types and stove technologies in rural and urban settings separately and the related attributable global mortality burden. Methods Bayesian hierarchical models were developed to estimate an annual average HAP-PM 2·5 personal exposure and HAP-PM 2·5 indoor concentration (including both outdoor and indoor sources). Model variables were selected from sample data in 282 peer-reviewed studies drawn and updated from the WHO Global HAP dataset. The PM 2·5 exposure coefficients from the developed model were applied to the external datasets to predict the HAP-PM 2·5 exposure globally (personal exposure in 62 countries and indoor concentration in 69 countries). Attributable mortality rate was estimated using a comparative risk assessment approach. Using weighted averages, the national level 24 h average HAP-PM 2·5 exposure due to polluting and clean fuels and related death ...