Indoor air quality guidelines from across the world: An appraisal considering energy saving, health, productivity, and comfort

作者：Sani Dimitroulopoulou, Marzenna R. Dudzińska, Lars Gunnarsen, Linda Hägerhed, Henna Maula, Raja Singh, Oluyemi Toyinbo, Ulla Haverinen‐Shaughnessy · 发表于：Environment International · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1016/j.envint.2023.108127 · 被引用次数：215 · 研究领域：Building Energy and Comfort Optimization、Air Quality and Health Impacts、Infection Control and Ventilation

Buildings are constructed and operated to satisfy human needs and improve quality of life. Good indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort are prerequisites for human health and well-being. For their provision, buildings often rely on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, which may lead to higher energy consumption. This directly impacts energy efficiency goals and the linked climate change considerations. The balance between energy use, optimum IAQ and thermal comfort calls for scientifically solid and well-established limit values for exposures experienced by building occupants in indoor spaces, including homes, schools, and offices. The present paper aims to appraise limit values for selected indoor pollutants reported in the scientific literature, and to present how they are handled in international and national guidelines and standards. The pollutants include carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde (CH2O), particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and radon (Rn). Furthermore, acknowledging the particularly strong impact on energy use from HVAC, ventilation, indoor temperature (T), and relative humidity (RH) are also included, as they relate to both thermal comfort and the possibilities to avoid moisture related problems, such as mould growth and proliferation of house dust mites. Examples of national regulations for these parameters are presented, both in relation to human requirements in buildings and considering aspects re...