Rarefaction and extrapolation with beta diversity under a framework of H ill numbers: The iNEXT . beta3D standardization

作者：Anne Chao, Simon Thorn, Chun‐Huo Chiu, Faye Moyes, Kai‐Hsiang Hu, Robin L. Chazdon, Jessie Wu, Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago, María Dornelas, David Zelený, Robert K. Colwell, Anne E. Magurran · 发表于：Ecological Monographs · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1002/ecm.1588 · 被引用次数：100 · 研究领域：Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies、Species Distribution and Climate Change、Plant and animal studies

Abstract Based on sampling data, we propose a rigorous standardization method to measure and compare beta diversity across datasets. Here beta diversity, which quantifies the extent of among‐assemblage differentiation, relies on Whittaker's original multiplicative decomposition scheme, but we use Hill numbers for any diversity order q ≥ 0. Richness‐based beta diversity ( q = 0) quantifies the extent of species identity shift, whereas abundance‐based ( q > 0) beta diversity also quantifies the extent of difference among assemblages in species abundance. We adopt and define the assumptions of a statistical sampling model as the foundation for our approach, treating sampling data as a representative sample taken from an assemblage. The approach makes a clear distinction between the theoretical assemblage level (unknown properties/parameters of the assemblage) and the sampling data level (empirical/observed statistics computed from data). At the assemblage level, beta diversity for N assemblages reflects the interacting effect of the species abundance distribution and spatial/temporal aggregation of individuals in the assemblage. Under independent sampling, observed beta (= gamma/alpha) diversity depends not only on among‐assemblage differentiation but also on sampling effort/completeness, which in turn induces dependence of beta on alpha and gamma diversity. How to remove the dependence of richness‐based beta diversity on its gamma component (species pool) has been intensely ...