Subjective evaluation of facial asymmetry with three-dimensional simulated images among the orthodontists and laypersons: a cross-sectional study

作者：Mingjin Zhang, Liang Lyu, Jing Li, Huichun Yan, Yujia Zhu, Tingting Yu, Yong Wang, Yijiao Zhao, Yanheng Zhou, Dawei Liu · 发表于：BMC Oral Health · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s12903-023-03167-9 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics、Morphological variations and asymmetry、Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience

OBJECTIVES: We used three-dimensional (3D) virtual images to undertake a subjective evaluation of how different factors affect the perception of facial asymmetry among orthodontists and laypersons with the aim of providing a quantitative reference for clinics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 3D virtual symmetrical facial image was acquired using FaceGen Modeller software. The left chin, mandible, lip and cheek of the virtual face were simulated in the horizontal (interior/exterior), vertical (up/down), or sagittal (forward or backward) direction in 3, 5, and 7 mm respectively with Maya software to increase asymmetry for the further subjective evaluation. A pilot study was performed among ten volunteers and 30 subjects of each group were expected to be included based on 80% sensitivity in this study. The sample size was increased by 60% to exclude incomplete and unqualified questionnaires. Eventually, a total of 48 orthodontists and 40 laypersons evaluated these images with a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS). The images were presented in random order. Each image would stop for 30 s for observers with a two-second interval between images. Asymmetry ratings and recognition accuracy for asymmetric virtual faces were analyzed to explore how different factors affect the subjective evaluation of facial asymmetry. Multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical data analysis. RESULTS: Orthodontists were found to be more critical of asym...