High-fat diet-disturbed gut microbiota-colonocyte interactions contribute to dysregulating peripheral tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism

作者：Penghao Sun, Mengli Wang, Yongxin Liu, Luqi Li, Xuejun Chai, Wei Zheng, Shulin Chen, Xiaoyan Zhu, Shanting Zhao · 发表于：Microbiome · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s40168-023-01606-x · 被引用次数：92 · 研究领域：Tryptophan and brain disorders、Gut microbiota and health、Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research

BACKGROUND: Aberrant tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (Kyn) metabolism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human disease. In particular, populations with long-term western-style diets are characterized by an excess of Kyn in the plasma. Host-gut microbiota interactions are dominated by diet and are essential for maintaining host metabolic homeostasis. However, the role of western diet-disturbed gut microbiota-colonocyte interactions in Trp metabolism remains to be elucidated. RESULTS: Here, 4-week-old mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), representing a typical western diet, for 4 weeks, and multi-omics approaches were adopted to determine the mechanism by which HFD disrupted gut microbiota-colonocyte interplay causing serum Trp-Kyn metabolism dysfunction. Our results showed that colonocyte-microbiota interactions dominated the peripheral Kyn pathway in HFD mice. Mechanistically, persistent HFD-impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics increased colonic epithelial oxygenation and caused metabolic reprogramming in colonites to support the expansion of Proteobacteria in the colon lumen. Phylum Proteobacteria-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated colonic immune responses to upregulate the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)-mediated Kyn pathway, leading to Trp depletion and Kyn accumulation in the circulation, which was further confirmed by transplantation of Escherichia coli (E.coli) indicator strains and colonic IDO1 depletion. Butyrate supplementation promoted mitocho...