China special issue on gastrointestinal tumors‐Radiological features of pathological complete response in mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer after neoadjuvant PD ‐1 blockade: A post hoc analysis of the PICC phase II trial

作者：Wuteng Cao, Huabin Hu, Jiao Li, Qianyu Wu, Lishuo Shi, Biao Li, Jie Zhou, X. Wang, Junhong Chen, Chao Wang, Huaiming Wang, Weihao Deng, Yan Huang, Yanhong Deng · 发表于：International Journal of Cancer · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1002/ijc.34647 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：Colorectal and Anal Carcinomas、Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging、Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes

Neoadjuvant programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade exhibits promising efficacy in patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). However, discrepancies between radiological and histological findings have been reported in the PICC phase II trial (NCT03926338). Therefore, we strived to discern radiological features associated with pathological complete response (pCR) based on computed tomography (CT) images. Data were obtained from the PICC trial that included 36 tumors from 34 locally advanced dMMR CRC patients, who received neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade for 3 months. Among the 36 tumors, 28 (77.8%) tumors achieved pCR. There were no statistically significant differences in tumor longitudinal diameter, the percentage change in tumor longitudinal diameter from baseline, primary tumor sidedness, clinical stage, extramural venous invasion status, intratumoral calcification, peritumoral fat infiltration, intestinal fistula and tumor necrosis between the pCR and non-pCR tumors. Otherwise, tumors with pCR had smaller posttreatment tumor maximum thickness (median: 10 mm vs 13 mm, P = .004) and higher percentage decrease in tumor maximum thickness from baseline (52.9% vs 21.6%, P = .005) compared to non-pCR tumors. Additionally, a higher proportion of the absence of vascular sign (P = .003, odds ratio [OR] = 25.870 [95% CI, 1.357-493.110]), nodular sign (P < .001, OR = 189.000 [95% CI, 10.464-3413.803]) and extramural enhancement sign (P = .003, OR = 21.6...