Evaluation of carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction (CO2-SFE) on carotenoids recovery from red yeast cells

作者：Vincenzo Larocca, Maria Martino, Mario Trupo, Rosaria Alessandra Magarelli, Anna Spagnoletta, Alfredo Ambrico · 发表于：Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1007/s13399-023-04434-z · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics、Algal biology and biofuel production、Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

Abstract In this work, the performance of carotenoids extraction from Rhodotorula spp red yeast (strain ELP2022) using supercritical CO 2 (CO 2 -SFE) was compared to the traditional technique with organic solvent. For this purpose, the yeast was cultured in liquid medium, pre-treated with glass beads in 0.1 M NaHCO 3 , and lyophilized. The extraction by CO 2 -SFE was carried out using a bench scale equipment at 300, 400, and 500 bar whilst maintaining a constant CO 2 flow rate (6 mL/min) and temperature (40 °C) resulting in an average extraction yields of 60.8 ± 1.1, 68.0 ± 1.4, and 67.6 ± 1.4 µg of total carotenoids per g of yeast (dry weight), respectively. Based on these results, three other experiments at 400 bar and a CO 2 flow rate of 6 L/min were also performed. In specific, the temperature was increased up to 60 °C, and ethanol as a co-solvent was added at 40 and 60 °C. The results showed that the temperature does not have a significant effect on the extraction of carotenoids. On the contrary, the yields improved significantly in the presence of the co-solvent, and the percentage of recovery reached the mean values of 71.70% ± 1.4 and 73.86% ± 1.9 at 40 and 60 °C, respectively. Furthermore, from chromatographic analysis, four major peaks were observed and identified as torularhodin, torulene, γ-carotene, and β-carotene which represented about 53.4%, 6.4%, 8.3%, and 26.9% of total carotenoids, respectively. Therefore, these promising results show the potential of this ...