Validation of the Scientific Program for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

作者：A. G. Adame, J. Aguilar, S. P. Ahlen, Shadab Alam, G. Aldering, D. M. Alexander, R. Alfarsy, Carlos Allende Prieto, Marcelo A. Alvarez, O. Alves, Abhijeet Anand, F. Andrade-Oliveira, E. Armengaud, J. Asorey, S. Àvila, Alejandro Avilés, S. Bailey, A. Balaguera-Antolínez, O. Ballester, C. Baltay, A. Bault, J Bautista, Jayashree Behera, S. F. Beltran, S. BenZvi, Leandro Beraldo e Silva, J. R. Bermejo-Climent, A. Berti, Robert Besuner, Florian Beutler, D. Bianchi, Chris Blake, Robert Blum, A. Bolton, S. Brieden, A. Brodzeller, D. Brooks, Zackary Brown, E. Buckley‐Geer, E. Burtin, L. Cabayol-Garcia, Zheng Cai, R. E. A. Canning, L. Cardiel-Sas, A. Carnero Rosell, F. J. Castander, Jorge L. Cervantes–Cota, Solène Chabanier, E. Chaussidon, J. Chaves-Montero, S. Chen, Xinyi Chen, Chia-Hsun Chuang, T. Claybaugh, Shaun Cole, Andrew P. Cooper, Andrei Cuceu, T. M. Davis, Kyle Dawson, Roger de Belsunce, Rodrigo de la Cruz, Axel de la Macorra, Arnaud de Mattia, R. Demina, U Demirbozan, Joseph DeRose, Arjun Dey, Biprateep Dey, G. Dhungana, Jiani Ding, Z. Ding, Peter Doel, Rajkumar Doshi, Kelly A. Douglass, A. C. Edge, Sarah Eftekharzadeh, Daniel J. Eisenstein, A. Elliott, S. Escoffier, Parker Fagrelius, Xiaohui Fan, K. Fanning, Victoria A. Fawcett, Simone Ferraro, J. Ereza, B. Flaugher, Andreu Font-Ribera, D. Forero-Sánchez, J. E. Forero-Romero, Carlos S. Frenk, B. T. Gänsicke, Luz Ángela García, J. García-Bellido, C. García-Quintero, L. H. Garrison, Héctor Gil-Marín, J. Golden-Marx, Satya Gontcho A Gontcho, A. X. Gonzalez-Morales, Violeta González-Pérez, C. Gordon, Or Graur, D. Green, D. Gruen, J. Guy, Boryana Hadzhiyska, ChangHoon Hahn, J. Han, M. Hanif, H. K. Herrera-Alcantar, K. Honscheid, Jiamin Hou, Cullan Howlett, Dragan Huterer, Vid Iršič, Mustapha Ishak, A. Jana, Linhua Jiang, Jorge Jiménez, Yipeng Jing, Shahab Joudaki, Eric Jullo, R. Joyce, S. Juneau, Namitha Kizhuprakkat, Naim Göksel Karaçaylı, Tanveer Karim, R. Kehoe, S. Kent, A. Khederlarian, S. Kim, D. Kirkby, Theodore Kisner, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, J. Kneib, S. E. Koposov, András Kovács, A. Kremin, Alex Krolewski, Benjamin L’Huillier, O. Lahav, Andrew Lambert, C. Lamman, T.-W. Lan, Martin Landriau, Dustin Lang, J. Lange, J. Lasker, L. Le Guillou, Alexie Leauthaud, M. E. Levi, Ting S. Li, Eric V. Linder, Anasuya Lyons, C. Magneville, Marc Manera, Christopher J. Manser, Daniel Margala, Paul Martini, Patrick McDonald, G. E. Medina, L. Medina-Varela, Aaron Meisner, J. Mena-Fernández, J. Meneses-Rizo, Mar Mezcua, R. Miquel, Paulo Montero-Camacho, J. Moon, S. Moore, John Moustakas, Eva-Maria Mueller, J. Mundet, A. Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Adam D. Myers, S. Nadathur, L. Napolitano, Richard Neveux, Jeffrey A. Newman, J. Nie, Gustavo Niz, P. Norberg, H. E. Noriega, E. Paillas, N. Palanque‐Delabrouille, A. Palmese, P. Zhiwei, David Parkinson, S. Penmetsa, Will J. Percival, A. Pérez-Fernández, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Matthew M. Pieri, Claire Poppett, A. Porredon, Francisco Prada, Ragadeepika Pucha, A. Raichoor, C. Ramírez-Pérez, S. Ramírez-Solano, M. Rashkovetskyi, C. Ravoux, A. Rocher, Constance M. Rockosi, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Rossana Ruggeri, V. Ruhlmann-Kleider, Cristiano G. Sabiu, K. Said, A. Saintonge, Lado Samushia, E. Sánchez, C. Saulder, Emmanuel Schaan, Edward F. Schlafly, David J. Schlegel, D. Scholte, M. Schubnell, Hee‐Jong Seo, Arman Shafieloo, R. M. Sharples, William Sheu, J. Silber, Francesco Sinigaglia, M. Siudek, Zachary Slepian, A. G. Smith, D. Sprayberry, L. Stephey, John F. Suárez-Pérez, Zechang Sun, T. Tan, G. Tarlé, Rita Tojeiro, L. Arturo Ureña–López, R. Vaisakh, D. Valcin, F. Valdés, Monica Valluri, M. Vargas-Magaña, Andrei Variu, Licia Verde, Michael Walther, B. Wang, M. S. Wang, B. A. Weaver, N. Weaverdyck, Risa H. Wechsler, Martin White, Y. Xie, J. Yang, Christophe Yèche, Jiaxi Yu, Sihan Yuan, Hanyu Zhang, Z. Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Rongpu Zhou, Zhimin Zhou, Hu Zou, Siwei Zou, Ying Zu · 发表于：The Astronomical Journal · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3847/1538-3881/ad0b08 · 被引用次数：219 · 研究领域：Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena、Astronomy and Astrophysical Research、Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae

Abstract The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) was designed to conduct a survey covering 14,000 deg 2 over 5 yr to constrain the cosmic expansion history through precise measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). The scientific program for DESI was evaluated during a 5 month survey validation (SV) campaign before beginning full operations. This program produced deep spectra of tens of thousands of objects from each of the stellar Milky Way Survey (MWS), Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS), luminous red galaxy (LRG), emission line galaxy (ELG), and quasar target classes. These SV spectra were used to optimize redshift distributions, characterize exposure times, determine calibration procedures, and assess observational overheads for the 5 yr program. In this paper, we present the final target selection algorithms, redshift distributions, and projected cosmology constraints resulting from those studies. We also present a One-Percent Survey conducted at the conclusion of SV covering 140 deg 2 using the final target selection algorithms with exposures of a depth typical of the main survey. The SV indicates that DESI will be able to complete the full 14,000 deg 2 program with spectroscopically confirmed targets from the MWS, BGS, LRG, ELG, and quasar programs with total sample sizes of 7.2, 13.8, 7.46, 15.7, and 2.87 million, respectively. These samples will allow exploration of the Milky Way halo, clustering on all scales, and BAO measurements with a statistical precisi...