RETRACTED: Boron contamination and its risk management in terrestrial and aquatic environmental settings

作者：Shiv Bolan, Hasintha Wijesekara, Dhulmy Amarasiri, Tao Zhang, Péter Ragályi, Milka Brdar‐Jokanović, Márk Rékási, Jui-Yen Lin, Lokesh P. Padhye, Haochen Zhao, Liuwei Wang, Jörg Rinklebe, Hailong Wang, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, M.B. Kirkham, Nanthi Bolan · 发表于：The Science of The Total Environment · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164744 · 被引用次数：90 · 研究领域：Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects、Cassava research and cyanide、Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis

Boron (B) is released to terrestrial and aquatic environments through both natural and anthropogenic sources. This review describes the current knowledge on B contamination in soil and aquatic environments in relation to its geogenic and anthropogenic sources, biogeochemistry, environmental and human health impacts, remediation approaches, and regulatory practices. The common naturally occurring sources of B include borosilicate minerals, volcanic eruptions, geothermal and groundwater streams, and marine water. Boron is extensively used to manufacture fiberglass, thermal-resistant borosilicate glass and porcelain, cleaning detergents, vitreous enamels, weedicides, fertilizers, and B-based steel for nuclear shields. Anthropogenic sources of B released into the environment include wastewater for irrigation, B fertilizer application, and waste from mining and processing industries. Boron is an essential element for plant nutrition and is taken up mainly as boric acid molecules. Although B deficiency in agricultural soils has been observed, B toxicity can inhibit plant growth in soils under arid and semiarid regions. High B intake by humans can be detrimental to the stomach, liver, kidneys and brain, and eventually results in death. Amelioration of soils and water sources enriched with B can be achieved by immobilization, leaching, adsorption, phytoremediation, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration. The development of cost-effective technologies for B removal from B-rich irrigation...