Phase separation in gene transcription control

作者：Chengyu Li, Zhuo Li, Zhibing Wu, Huasong Lu · 发表于：Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.3724/abbs.2023099 · 被引用次数：22 · 研究领域：RNA Research and Splicing、Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics、RNA modifications and cancer

Phase separation provides a general mechanism for the formation of biomolecular condensates, and it plays a vital role in regulating diverse cellular processes, including gene expression. Although the role of transcription factors and coactivators in regulating transcription has long been understood, how phase separation is involved in this process is just beginning to be explored. In this review, we highlight recent advance in elucidating the molecular mechanisms and functions of transcriptional condensates in gene expression control. We discuss the different condensates formed at each stage of the transcription cycle and how they are dynamically regulated in response to diverse cellular and extracellular cues that cause rapid changes in gene expression. Furthermore, we present new findings regarding the dysregulation of transcription condensates and their implications in human diseases.