Atmospheric Water Vapor Transport between Ocean and Land under Climate Warming

作者：Jialin Wang, Feifei Pan, Pingli An, Guolin Han, Kang Jiang, Yu Song, Na Huang, Ziyuan Zhang, Shangqian Ma, Xiao Chen, Zhihua Pan · 发表于：Journal of Climate · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1175/jcli-d-22-0106.1 · 被引用次数：26 · 研究领域：Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes、Climate variability and models、Geophysics and Gravity Measurements

Abstract Global warming intensifies atmospheric water vapor transport between ocean and land, which increases the likelihood of extreme precipitation and floods. However, accurate estimations of water vapor exchange between ocean and land are difficult due to the lack of available data and effective methods. This study developed a novel eight-direction-vector decomposition algorithm for calculating water vapor flux between ocean and land based on the ERA5 dataset, and the results showed that global water vapor exchange between ocean and land had significantly increased in the past 40 years, except for Antarctica. During 1980–2018, the average annual net water vapor inflow from ocean to land ( Q net ) was 44.68 × 10 15 kg yr −1 , and Q net increased at a rate of 1.48 × 10 15 kg yr −1 decade −1 . The intensified atmospheric water vapor exchange between ocean and land was directly caused by the increase of atmospheric water vapor content, which largely depended on the rising air temperature, and it was found that water vapor flux between ocean and land increased by over 8% K −1 with the increasing air temperature at the global average. This study also identified El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as an important contributor to the global ocean–land water vapor exchange anomalies. A strong El Niño event (MEI = 1) can result in a 1.36 × 10 15 kg yr −1 (3.03%) decrease in Q net , and a strong La Niña event (MEI = −1) can increase Q net by 1.38 × 10 15 kg yr −1 (3.09%). The eight-d...