Maternal and perinatal risk factors associated with congenital syphilis

作者：Lorena Batista Pascoal, Ericka Viana Machado Carellos, Briana Henriques Machado Tarabai, Cristina Cerqueira Vieira, Larissa Gonçalves Rezende, Bárbara Silveira Faria Salgado, Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli · 发表于：Tropical Medicine & International Health · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1111/tmi.13881 · 被引用次数：53 · 研究领域：Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment、Reproductive tract infections research、Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare

OBJECTIVE: Mother-to-child transmission of syphilis remains an important global public health problem. Untreated intrauterine infection may result in adverse events for the fetus or newborn (NB). Maternal risk factors, such as prenatal care, early diagnosis, and appropriate treatment, significantly impact the likelihood of vertical transmission of syphilis. The purpose of this review is to evaluate maternal risk factors for congenital syphilis and the characteristics of exposed NB. METHODS: A total of 14 studies were evaluated, including 8 cohort studies, 4 cross-sectional and 2 control cases. A total of 12,230 women were included, with confirmed or highly probable congenital syphilis outcome, and 2285 NB. The studies evaluated risk factors for congenital syphilis, which were maternal, demographic, obstetric factors and characteristics of the exposed NB. RESULTS: Included in the risk factors studied, inadequate prenatal care and late onset, as well as inadequate or late treatment of maternal syphilis were significant risk factors for the outcome of congenital syphilis. When the time set of maternal diagnosis was correlated with neonatal infection, there was a tendency to worsen prognosis (more infected NB) in women diagnosed later in pregnancy, as well as in women who underwent few prenatal consultations and inadequate treatment. Women with recent syphilis with high VDRL titres had a higher rate of vertical transmission. The prior history of syphilis with adequate treatment w...